Downlink and uplink12/15/2023 ![]() In LoRaWAN 1.1 and 1.0.4+, the Network Server forwards the Join-request message to the device’s Join Server. In LoRaWAN versions earlier than 1.0.4 the Join-request message is forwarded by the Network Server to the Application Server. The Join-request message is always initiated by an end device and sent to the Network Server. In LoRaWAN 1.1, three MAC message types are used by the Over-The-Air-Activation (OTAA) procedure and for roaming purposes: In LoRaWAN 1.0.x, two MAC message types are used by the Over-The-Air-Activation (OTAA) procedure: Join-request, Rejoin-request, and Join-accept messages # Used to implement non-standard message formats LoRaWAN 1.0.xĪn uplink message, used by the over-the-air activation (OTAA) procedureĪ downlink message, used by the over-the-air activation (OTAA) procedureĪn uplink data frame, confirmation is not requiredĪ downlink data frame, confirmation is not requiredĪn uplink data frame, confirmation is requestedĪ downlink data frame, confirmation is requestedġ.1 - Uplink over-the-air activation (OTAA) Rejoin-request The following table presents MAC message types that can be found in LoRaWAN 1.0.x and 1.1. LoRaWAN defines several MAC message types. This includes some messages initiated by the Application Server and the Join Server too. If the uplink message belongs to the Application Server or the Join Server, the Network server forwards it to the correct receiver.ĭownlink messages - Each downlink message is sent by the Network Server to only one end device and is relayed by a single gateway. Uplink messages - Uplink messages are sent by end devices to the Network Server relayed by one or many gateways. LoRa messages can be divided into uplink and downlink messages based on the direction they travel. Keys used to calculate the Message Integrity Code (MIC) of each message.Keys used to encrypt each field that carries MAC Commands and application data.Sending MAC commands and application data in the FRMPayload field.Sending MAC commands in the FOpts field.The Things Fundamentals Certification exam expects you should have basic knowledge on the following topics with regards to the message types: These message types are used to transport MAC commands and application data. In this chapter, you will learn about different message types used in LoRaWAN 1.0.x and 1.1.
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